Hyperpigmentation vs Melasma: How to Tell the Difference

July 24, 2026

By: Lauren Sindel

Hyperpigmentation and melasma can look similar, but they are in fact two different dermatological conditions. 

Ahead, we explain the difference between hyperpigmentation and melasma, how to identify each one, and the best ways to improve the appearance of uneven skin tone.

Hyperpigmentation 

Hyperpigmentation is an umbrella term used to describe areas of skin that become darker than the surrounding skin due to increased melanin production. One of the most common types is post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), which are the dark marks left behind after acne, eczema, cuts, burns, or irritation.

Common causes of hyperpigmentation include sun exposure, aging, hormonal changes, and skin irritation caused by harsh products or over exfoliation. 

Melasma

Melasma is a specific type of hyperpigmentation that typically appears as larger, symmetrical patches of brown or grey-brown discoloration, most commonly on the face. 

Hormonal changes are one of the biggest factors, which is why it is common during pregnancy or among people using hormonal contraceptives. Sun exposure is another major trigger. Heat and visible light may also contribute to melasma flare-ups, which is why some people notice their pigmentation becomes darker during warmer months or after prolonged time outdoors.

How to Tell the Difference Between Hyperpigmentation and Melasma

While both conditions involve excess melanin, there are some clues that can help you understand what type of pigmentation you may be experiencing.

You may be dealing with hyperpigmentation if:

• Your dark spots appeared after acne, pimples, or skin irritation.
• You have dark knees or underarm discoloration.
• The pigmentation appears in random areas rather than evenly on both sides of your face.
• The marks slowly fade over time.

You may be dealing with melasma if:

• Your pigmentation appears as symmetrical patches on both sides of your face.
• The patches are commonly found on the cheeks, forehead, or upper lip.
• Your pigmentation becomes darker after sun exposure.
• It appeared during pregnancy or after hormonal changes.
• It keeps returning even after improving.

However, it is possible to have both. For example, someone with melasma may also experience post-acne dark marks at the same time.

Can Topical Products Help?

Skincare products can be extremely helpful for targeting discoloration. The most effective approach for dark spots and uneven skin tone is to use ingredients that target excess melanin while protecting your skin from triggers like sun exposure.

Vitamin C helps brighten the appearance of pigmentation and dullness, while niacinamide supports a stronger skin barrier and helps reduce the look of discoloration. Kojic acid helps target the appearance of stubborn pigmentation, and azelaic acid can help improve uneven tone while supporting clearer-looking skin.

Because pigmentation has multiple causes, combining effective brightening ingredients can deliver better results than relying on one ingredient alone.

The Best Treatment for Melasma and Hyperpigmentation

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Truly Laser Torch Dark Spot Treatment combines six powerful brightening ingredients including 4% niacinamide, vitamin C, and kojic acid to help target the appearance of hyperpigmentation and melasma. Clinically proven to improve the appearance of hyperpigmentation in under four weeks.

For best results, use consistently and always pair your routine with daily sunscreen to help prevent pigmentation from becoming more noticeable.

How to Prevent Hyperpigmentation and Melasma

Preventing pigmentation is just as important as treating it. The key is protecting your skin from triggers that can increase melanin production and cause discoloration to become more noticeable.

Start by wearing sunscreen every day, as UV exposure is one of the biggest contributors to hyperpigmentation and melasma. Choose a broad-spectrum SPF and reapply when spending extended time outdoors.

It is also important to avoid unnecessary skin irritation. Over-exfoliating, harsh scrubs, or using too many active ingredients at once can weaken the skin barrier and potentially trigger more pigmentation.

If you experience acne, treat breakouts early to help reduce the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Most importantly, stay consistent with your skincare routine. Pigmentation takes time to improve, and regular use of proven ingredients will deliver better results than constantly changing products.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is Melasma the Same as Hyperpigmentation?

No. Melasma is a type of hyperpigmentation, but not all hyperpigmentation is melasma. Hyperpigmentation is a general term for darkened areas of skin caused by excess melanin, while melasma is a specific condition often linked to hormonal changes and sun exposure.

Can Hyperpigmentation and Melasma Go Away on Their Own?

Some types of hyperpigmentation, such as post-acne dark marks, may gradually fade over time. Melasma is usually more persistent and often requires ongoing management to help prevent it from returning.

Can Sunscreen Help Prevent Melasma and Hyperpigmentation?

Yes. Daily sunscreen is one of the most important steps for preventing pigmentation from worsening. UV exposure can stimulate melanin production, making existing dark spots more noticeable and increasing the risk of new pigmentation forming.

Feature image courtesy of Hanna Pad, Pexels

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